Rosacea is a common, chronic skin condition that primarily affects the face. It is characterized by redness, bumps, and pustules on the face, which can worsen over time. Rosacea usually develops after the age of 30. In Germany, approximately 2-5% of all adults are affected.
Although rosacea can occur in both sexes, it is more common and severe in women. Studies have shown that women between the ages of 30 and 50 are most frequently affected. Symptoms in women can be more pronounced and can significantly impair their quality of life.
Symptoms of rosacea
Rosacea primarily affects the face, especially the cheeks and nose. These areas are often red. Initially, this redness usually occurs in flare-ups until it eventually becomes more persistent. As the disease progresses, the blood vessels in the facial skin become visible as a fine network on the affected areas. The dilated vessels become visible because they are widened by rosacea. The skin inflammation causes nodules (papules) and pustules, resembling acne. Particularly in men, a bulbous thickening of the nose can occur, colloquially known as a "bulbous nose."
Causes of rosacea
The exact causes of rosacea are not fully understood, but it is believed that a combination of genetic and environmental factors plays a role. Possible environmental factors that may promote the development of rosacea include:
- sunlight
- Hot drinks
- Hot baths
- stress
- Hormonal changes
- Certain foods such as coffee, alcohol, and spices
Although rosacea can cause pustules filled with pus, it is not a form of acne. Unlike acne, sebum production in the skin is not increased in rosacea. Furthermore, it is suspected that certain microorganisms, such as the Demodex mite, may play a role in the development of rosacea, both on the face and in the gut.
Diagnosis and treatment of rosacea
Rosacea treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and can range from topical medications such as corticosteroids or antibiotic creams to oral medications or light therapy. Lifestyle changes, including a balanced diet and stress reduction, can also help improve symptoms. In most cases, however, rosacea cannot be cured, only managed. Regular checkups with a dermatologist are important to monitor symptoms and adjust treatment as needed. Overall, it is important to take an active role in managing rosacea and taking care of your skin health. Early diagnosis and treatment can help alleviate symptoms and prevent the development of serious complications.
Skin flora: Rosacea alters the skin microbiome
Besides the known triggers, the role of the microbiome in the development and worsening of rosacea is of increasing interest. There is some evidence that the microbiome (i.e., the entirety of microorganisms that live on and in our bodies) may play a role in the development of rosacea.A disrupted microbiome, characterized by an unfavorable alteration in bacterial species and numbers, can impair the immune system and thus exacerbate inflammatory responses in the skin. Several studies have shown that people with rosacea have a different microbiome composition compared to those without the condition. For example, a link has been observed between Demodex mites and rosacea, as studies have shown that people with rosacea have a higher density of these mites on their skin. It is believed that the overpopulation of Demodex mites can lead to skin inflammation, which is a symptom of rosacea.
Causes of rosacea: The gut can also play a role
In addition to the influence of the skin microbiome, studies have shown that the development of rosacea is also linked to the gut. A disrupted gut, particularly a dysfunction in the gut flora, can impair the immune system and thus lead to inflammation in the skin. Some studies have shown that people with rosacea have a compromised intestinal barrier, suggesting that a disrupted gut may play a role in the development of rosacea.
Tip: Special foods to watch out for if you have rosacea
There is also evidence that diet may play a role in the development and worsening of rosacea. Some studies have shown that certain foods and drinks can trigger or worsen rosacea symptoms.
This includes, for example:
- Dairy products such as yogurt, cheese, sour cream
- Special fruits: citrus fruits, bananas, red plums, figs
- Spicy food
- Foods rich in histamine
- Drinks: Alcohol, especially red wine, beer, bourbon, gin, vodka and champagne.
- Hot drinks like coffee.
It's important to note that the effects of diet on rosacea can vary from person to person. Some people can eat certain foods without any problems, while others are more sensitive to certain foods.
New approach: A healthy gut flora
A balanced diet rich in fiber-rich foods can help support the gut microbiome and maintain a healthy gut flora. Furthermore, some studies have shown that certain probiotic supplements can improve rosacea symptoms. New approaches to treating rosacea are therefore increasingly incorporating probiotics and prebiotics, as these have been shown to be beneficial for the gut flora and can help restore its balance.
In this context, we developed our Dermabacs® – a synbiotic that can specifically target rosacea. Want to learn more? Then click here and take a closer look at Dermabacs®!
